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Relative VS Absolute RPO (Relative Path Overwrite) is a technique to take advantage of relative URLs by overwriting their target file. To understand the technique we must first look into the differences between relative and absolute URLs. An absolute URL is basically the full URL for a destination address including the protocol and domain name whereas a relative URL doesn’t specify a domain or protocol and uses the existing destination to determine the protocol and domain. Absolute URL https://hackvertor.co.uk/public Relative URL public/somedirectory The relative URL shown will look for public and automatically include the domain before it based on the current domain name. There are two important variations of a relative URL, the first is we can use the current path and look for a directory within it such as “xyz” or use common directory traversal techniques such as “../xyz”. To see how these work within markup let’s take a look at a common relative URL used within a stylesheet. html The link element above references “style.css” using a relative URL, depending where in the sites directory structure you are it will load the style sheet based on that. For example if you were in a directory called “xyz” then the style sheet would be loaded from “xyz/style.css”. The interesting aspect of this is how the browser knows what a correct path is since it doesn’t have access to the server’s file system. The answer is it doesn’t. There is no way to determine a valid directory structure from outside the file system you can only make educated guesses and use http status codes to determine their existence. The missing styles I noticed something interesting with relative styles, manipulating the path of the site could result in styles failing to load. It occurred to me this was a flaw in some way but the pieces of the jigsaw didn’t make sense yet. How could it be