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aidic.it

Sostieni Aidic, diventa socio sostenitore dell'associazione. Sostieni e valorizza il patrimonio culturale dell'ingegneria chimica italiana

sciencedirect.com

sciencedirect is the world's leading source for scientific, technical, and medical research. explore journals, books and articles.

ogst.ifpenergiesnouvelles.fr

oil & gas science and technology - revue d'ifp energies nouvelles

hess.copernicus.org

Abstract. Microwave observations are sensitive to vegetation water content (VWC). Consequently, the increasing temporal and spatial resolution of spaceborne microwave observations creates a unique opportunity to study vegetation water dynamics and its role in the diurnal water cycle. However, we currently have a limited understanding of sub-daily variations in the VWC and how they affect microwave observations. This is partly due to the challenges associated with measuring internal VWC for validation, particularly non-destructively, and at timescales of less than a day. In this study, we aimed to (1) use field sensors to reconstruct diurnal and continuous records of internal VWC of corn and (2) use these records to interpret the sub-daily behaviour of a 10 d time series of polarimetric L-band backscatter with high temporal resolution. Sub-daily variations in internal VWC were calculated based on the cumulative difference between estimated transpiration and sap flow rates at the base of the stems. Destructive samples were used to constrain the estimates and for validation. The inclusion of continuous surface canopy water estimates (dew or interception) and surface soil moisture allowed us to attribute hour-to-hour backscatter dynamics either to internal VWC, surface canopy water, or soil moisture variations. Our results showed that internal VWC varied by 10 %–20 % during the day in non-stressed conditions, and the effect on backscatter was significant. Diurnal variations in internal VWC and nocturnal dew formation affected vertically polarized backscatter most. Moreover, multiple linear regression suggested that the diurnal cycle of VWC on a typical dry day leads to a 2 (HH, horizontally, and cross-polarized) to almost 4 (VV, vertically, polarized) times higher diurnal backscatter variation than the soil moisture drydown does. These results demonstrate that radar observations have the potential to provide unprecedented insight into the role of vegetation water dynami

embopress.org

embo press is an editorially independent publishing platform for the development of embo scientific publications.

growingscience.com

publisher of distinguished academic, scientific and professional journals

annfammed.org

PURPOSE Unlike in many community-based settings, benzodiazepine (BZD) prescribing to older veterans has decreased. We sought to identify health care system strategies associated with greater facility-level reductions in BZD prescribing to older adults. METHODS We completed an explanatory sequential mixed methods study of health care facilities in the Veterans Health Administration (N = 140). Among veterans aged ≥75 years receiving long-term BZD treatment, we stratified facilities into relatively high and low performance on the basis of the reduction in average daily dose of prescribed BZD from October 1, 2015 to June 30, 2017. We then interviewed key facility informants (n = 21) who led local BZD reduction efforts (champions), representing 11 high-performing and 6 low-performing facilities. RESULTS Across all facilities, the age-adjusted facility-level average daily dose in October 2015 began at 1.34 lorazepam-equivalent mg/d (SD 0.17); the average rate of decrease was −0.27 mg/d (SD 0.09) per year. All facilities interviewed, regardless of performance, used passive strategies primarily consisting of education regarding appropriate prescribing, alternatives, and identifying potential patients for discontinuation. In contrast, champions at high-performing facilities described leveraging ≥1 active strategies that included individualized recommendations, administrative barriers to prescribing, and performance measures to incentivize clinicians. CONCLUSIONS Initiatives to reduce BZD prescribing to older adults that are primarily limited to passive strategies, such as education and patient identification, might have limited success. Clinicians might benefit from additional recommendations, support, and incentives to modify prescribing practices.

jogh.org

The COVID-19 pandemic and associated response brought unprecedented psychological distress across the world. Physical and social isolation, disruptions to daily activities (e.g. school, work, and childcare), loss of livelihoods, social injustice, fear of infection, stigma, and grief impacted populations across the globe [1,2]. A Lancet systematic review [3] estimated that the global prevalence of depression […]